Asthma, allergy and respiratory

December 20, 2011

In infants and children with chronic respiratory disease, hypoxia is a potential risk of aircraft travel.

December 14, 2011

Exposure of skin to UV radiation (UVR) prior to allergen exposure can inhibit inflammatory airways disease in mice by reducing effector CD4+ T cells in both the trachea and the airway draining lymph nodes.

November 1, 2011

Kawasaki disease is characterized by increased inflammation

November 1, 2011

Both bacteria and viruses play a role in the development of acute otitis media, however, the importance of specific viruses is unclear.

October 29, 2011

Tropomyosins represent clinically relevant seafood allergens but the role of mite tropomyosin, Der p 10, in house dust mite (HDM) allergy has not been studied in detail.

October 29, 2011

Allergic diseases are characterized by excessive immunoglobulin E (IgE) production, mast cell degranulation, tissue eosinophilia and mucus hypersecretion. These responses also take place during infection with multicellular parasites, and are linked to the production of a characteristic set of cytokines by T helper (Th)2 cells.

October 28, 2011

The authors previously reported an increased risk of hospitalisation for acute lower respiratory infection up to age 2 years in children delivered by elective caesarean section. In view of increasing rates of elective caesarean delivery, this association warranted further investigation.

September 6, 2011

Scabies infestations are difficult to diagnose clinically and current serologic tests have less than 50% accuracy.

September 1, 2011

Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways, most commonly driven by immuno-inflammatory responses to ubiquitous airborne antigens.

August 22, 2011

Chronic innocuous aeroallergen exposure attenuates CD4+ T cell-mediated airways hyperresponsiveness in mice; however, the mechanism(s) remain unclear

August 19, 2011

In school-aged children with cystic fibrosis (CF) structural lung damage assessed using chest CT is associated with abnormal ventilation distribution.

August 17, 2011

Sex-related differences in bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) have been reported in adolescents, but the mechanisms remain obscure.

August 16, 2011

Advances in statistical modelling have allowed the creation of smoothly changing spirometry reference ranges that apply across a wide age range and better define the lower limit of normal.

July 16, 2011

Few clinical respiratory laboratories have assessed the impact of changing reference equations on the interpretation of spirometric outcomes nor compared the impact of using the increasingly refuted approach of having fixed definitions of abnormal lung function, compared with the lower limit of normal.2

July 11, 2011

The airway epithelium forms a highly regulated physical barrier that normally prevents invasion of inhaled pathogens and allergens from the airway lumen.

July 1, 2011

Better understanding of evolution of lung function in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) and its association with pulmonary inflammation and infection is crucial in informing both early intervention studies aimed at limiting lung damage and the role of lung function as outcomes in such studies.

June 15, 2011

The recent announcement of the negative results of the TIGER- 2 phase 3 study of denufosol tetrasodium (Denufosol; Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Chapel Hill, NC) has had a considerable impact on the cystic fibrosis (CF) community, researchers, and industry.

June 11, 2011

The effect of breast-feeding on the development of allergic disease is uncertain.

June 7, 2011

Long-term survival after lung transplantation is hindered by the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), and recent evidence suggests that dysregulated epithelial repair may underlie its development.

June 1, 2011

The introduction of class II tetramers for identifying antigen-binding CD41 cells has lagged behind the use of class I tetramers because of difficulties in producing the recombinant MHC scaffolds.

May 27, 2011

Exhaled breath temperature (EBT) has been proposed for the non-invasive assessment of airway inflammation. Previous studies have not examined the influence of room temperature or lung size on the EBT.

May 26, 2011

The respiratory tract is an attractive target for the delivery of vaccine antigens. Potential advantages of drug delivery by means of the pulmonary route include accessibility, non-invasiveness, ease of administration, and the possibility to reach an elaborate mucosal network of antigen-presenting cells.

May 17, 2011

Characterization of the complete IgE binding spectrum of cat allergens is important for the development of improved diagnosis and effective immunotherapeutics.

May 12, 2011

Improved nutrition is the major proven benefit of newborn screening programmes for cystic fibrosis (CF) and is associated with better clinical outcomes. It was hypothesised that early pulmonary inflammation and infection in infants with CF is associated with worse nutrition.

May 11, 2011

Atopic asthma is the most common form of asthma, particularly during childhood, and in many cases it persists into adult life.

May 11, 2011

Asthma is the commonest medical cause for hospital admission for children in Australia, affects more than 300 million people worldwide, and is incurable, severe in large number and refractory to treatment in many.

May 3, 2011

We hypothesized that the inflammatory response in the lungs of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) would vary with the type of infecting organism, being greatest with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

April 22, 2011

The capacity to generate an efficient innate immune response is pivotal for survival. The objective of this study was to investigate innate immune function in relation to long-term survival in the oldest old

March 24, 2011

Interleukin-10 is a key immunomodulatory cytokine the principal function of which is to limit the magnitude of immune response.

March 18, 2011

Early detection of the cyanobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lungs of young children with cystic fibrosis (CF) is considered the key to delaying chronic pulmonary disease.

March 17, 2011

Persistent allergic diseases exemplified by atopic asthma frequently begin during very early life.

March 1, 2011

The aim of our study was to determine the contribution of secular trends and sample size to lung function reference equations, and establish the number of local subjects required to validate published reference values. 30 spirometry datasets collected between 1978 and 2009 provided data on healthy, white subjects: 19,291 males and 23,741 females aged 2.5-95 yrs.

February 22, 2011

The group 7 allergens are important allergenic specificities for mite-sensitive patients and may need to be incorporated into new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

February 18, 2011

Microbial products are of central interest in the modulation of allergic propensity. We sought to explore whether allergic children show differences in microbial Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated responses over their first 5 years of life.

February 10, 2011

In healthy individuals, deep inspiration produces bronchodilation and reduced airway responsiveness, which may be a response of the airway wall to mechanical stretch.

February 4, 2011

The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is increasing and has been linked to obstructive lung diseases including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Recent studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency is associated with reduced lung function.

February 1, 2011

There is controversy regarding whether cystic fibrosis (CF) airway epithelial cells (AECs) are intrinsically proinflammatory.

January 29, 2011

Respiratory function impacts on musical expression for wind/brass (W/B) musicians

January 20, 2011

Recombinant technologies developed in the 1980s for cloning cDNA from low-abundance mRNA permitted the cloning of allergens, beginning with the major house dust mite allergen Der p 1 and hornet allergen Dol m 5.

January 4, 2011

The hallmark of atopic asthma is transient airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) preceded by aeroallergen-induced Th-cell activation.

January 1, 2011

Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood and the leading cause of childhood morbidity from chronic disease as measured by school absences, emergency department visits, and hospitalions.

January 1, 2011

January 1, 2011

The major morbidity and mortality from cystic fibrosis (CF) comes from progressive lung disease with bronchiectasis leading to respiratory failure

January 1, 2011

To describe the changes in end-expiratory lung volume and ventilation inhomogeneities during spells in three children with Tetralogy of Fallot.

January 1, 2011

Encyclopedia's chapter

A new and potentially more pathogenic group of human rhinovirus (HRV), group C (HRVC), has recently been discovered.

Despite decades of research, the mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury are poorly understood.

Sex-related differences in bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) have been reported in adolescents, but the mechanisms remain obscure.

Purchase and disinfection costs together with medication delivery factors may influence the choice of drug delivery options. This study assessed salbutamol delivery habits used in respiratory laboratories and quantified the delivered salbutamol dose of locally available spacers.

The identification of clinically relevant end-points for use in clinical trials of new treatments in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is an ongoing problem for physicians and researchers working in the field of CF care.

Haplotypes in the promoter region of the prostanoid DP receptor (PTGDR) gene have been shown to functionally influence gene transcription and to be associated with asthma in two previous case-control studies in Caucasians.

In 2010 over 200 articles were published in Clinical and Experimental Allergy including editorials, reviews, opinion articles, letters, book reviews and of course at the heart of the journal, papers containing original data which have moved the field of allergy forward on a number of fronts.

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